Foreign
Wheat straw grids: China’s ingenious solution for sand control
By Zhang Wen, People’s Daily
As dawn breaks over the southeastern edge of the Tengger Desert, sand control workers are already at work. They spread bundles of wheat straw, press them into the sand, and shape them into neat squares. Across the vast sea of dunes, these crisscrossing “grids” of straw quietly take root, weaving a net that holds back the drifting sands.
The “wheat straw grid” is a sand-fixing method uniquely developed in China. Each small square stabilizes sand, conserves moisture, and reduces wind erosion. This innovation not only ensures the safe operation of the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway but also builds an ecological shield that safeguards China’s northwest from desert encroachment.
Driving from Zhongwei in northwest China’s Ningxia Hui autonomous region into the Tengger Desert, one sees vast dunes clothed in a gray-green “checkered shirt.” Up close, each square of straw firmly anchors the shifting sands. Inside the grids, shrubs like Caragana and sea buckthorn sway in the wind, adding vibrant green to the once-barren landscape.
This area was once among the worst-affected regions by wind and sand disasters in China. In the 1950s, after countless experiments, Chinese scientists and sand control workers in Zhongwei devised this pioneering technique — laying locally available wheat straw in square patterns on the sand to form interlocking protective belts. Since then, generations of sand control workers have created the miracle of “man advancing, sand retreating,” contributing Chinese experience to the global fight against desertification.
The method is as ingenious as it is practical. Workers place bundles of wheat straw on the sand in square patterns, pressing each bundle halfway into the ground with a shovel, and pushing sand toward the roots to keep the exposed straw upright.
When construction began on the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway in 1954, a 55-kilometer stretch in Zhongwei had to cross the Tengger Desert six times. Preventing windblown sand from burying the tracks became a top priority.
“At first, we tried covering the surface with pebbles, mixing asphalt with sand, and laying reed mats, but none worked well,” recalled Tang Ximing, a senior forestry engineer with the Zhongwei state-owned forestry farm.
To stabilize the surface and help vegetation take root, researchers experimented with layers of straw and clay, but the straw was easily blown away, Tang said.
After extensive trials, they discovered that forming one-meter-square straw grids effectively reduced wind speed, trapped sand, and stabilized the surface.
“As the buried straw decomposes, it enriches the soil with organic matter, fostering microbial and plant growth. Over time, it forms a thin layer of biological soil crust,” Tang explained, adding that with this crust, shrubs can be planted, and the desert gradually transforms.
From then on, this low-cost and easy-to-apply method spread widely across the Tengger Desert. Over the past 70 years, more than 430,000 mu (about 28,666 hectares) of straw grids have been laid in Ningxia’s section of the desert, and over 100 million sand-loving plants have been cultivated.
Today, Zhongwei has totally put desertification in control. The Tengger Desert has retreated 25 kilometers, while a 42-kilometer-long, 800-meter-wide sand control belt comprised by straw grids, shrubs, and trees now protects the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway.
Driven by technology, sand control has become increasingly mechanized and automated. In 2021, Zhongwei introduced a brush-type mesh rope barrier system with mechanical installation, improving efficiency by more than 60 percent and extending the service life from two years to five or six. A newly developed multifunctional sand-fixing vehicle can lay 8.5 mu of wheat straw grids per hour, while drones and electric planting tools are now used for post-installation maintenance.
Since the 1980s, the Zhongwei method has been applied far beyond the Tengger Desert. It is seen along the Gantang-Wuwei Railway and Qinghai-Xizang Railway, and has also become a symbol of China’s ecological cooperation with the world. In 1994, Zhongwei sand stabilization tree farm was enlisted in the Global 500 Roll of Honor for Environmental Achievement established by United Nations Environment Programme. Over the years, hundreds of experts from more than 50 countries and regions have visited the tree farm, calling it a miracle sand control in human history.
Today, areas once desolate and lifeless have become tourist attractions, thanks largely to the wheat straw grids. “Along the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway’s sand control zone, we’ve established a desert plant garden, increasing the number of plant species from fewer than 25 in the 1950s to more than 450 today,” said Sun Yanlin from Zhongwei’s culture and tourism department. The vast sea of sand has turned green, attracting great bustards, golden eagles, steppe eagles, swans, red foxes, and other wildlife.
Building on ecological restoration, nearby towns and villages have developed integrated models combining agriculture, culture, and tourism. In 2024, Shapotou scenic area in Zhongwei received 1.46 million visitors, generating total tourism revenue of 428 million yuan ($60.6 million).
Foreign
Shantou taps new growth momentum via AI token exports
By Li Gang, People’s Daily
As artificial intelligence (AI) accelerates the transformation of global industries, a new form of digital trade is emerging in the southern Chinese city of Shantou: exporting computing services measured not in physical goods, but in AI tokens.
In late April, Shantou, Guangdong province completed full-chain verification for what has become known as “token exports” — a model in which computing power remains within China while high-value AI services are delivered to overseas users. Within just one month, average daily token usage surged from 100 million to the tens-of-billions level.
The practical application of this model is already well underway.
Recently, when a user in Singapore activated an AI-powered toy and gave a simple command — “Tell me a fairy tale” — the spoken command traveled through the network directly to a dedicated overseas computing zone inside a computing center in Shantou.
Local deployed AI agents wrap up speech recognition in under one second and craft custom story content, firing the finished audio back to the Singapore-based toy device in as little as 0.1 seconds.
The user repeated the process multiple times, eventually listening to five stories in total. Approximately 100,000 tokens were consumed during the interaction and billed in real time at a rate of 2 yuan ($0.3) per one million tokens.
When payment arrived, a complete commercial cycle was achieved, marking the successful realization of Shantou’s “token export” model.
Tokens represent the smallest discrete calculation unit for large AI models to process information. They have become a key indicator of intelligent computing capacity and, increasingly, a new carrier of value in the digital economy.
Inside the China (Shantou) Pilot Zone for Economic and Cultural Cooperation with Overseas Chinese, token exports are already transforming the economics of electricity.
Today, overseas users across multiple countries and regions in Southeast Asia are accessing token services generated in Shantou.
“Data flows in from abroad and all processed outputs head back overseas, with zero compromise to end-user experience,” explained Cai Qichen, an engineer at the Shantou Branch of wireless carrier China Mobile. “Token costs have already been integrated into product service packages, making future usage more convenient.”
According to estimates from toy manufacturer SHOWMAC based in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, using Shantou’s computing services reduces costs by more than 30 percent compared with directly purchasing overseas computing resources.
Meanwhile, inside computing centers, turning electricity into AI tokens delivers dramatic value appreciation. A kilowatt-hour of electricity, which comes at a cost of roughly 0.5 yuan($0.07) , can be transformed through AI computing into tokens and then exported at a price of 11 yuan($1.6), representing a twenty-two-fold increase.
As one of eastern Guangdong’s major offshore wind power bases, Shantou has already connected 1.2 million kilowatts of installed capacity to China’s power grid.
The electricity itself does not need to cross borders. Computing power remains within China. What gets exported instead are high-value digital services, turning electricity into a form of hard currency for cross-border digital trade.
Ultra-low network latency forms the technical backbone making token exports feasible.
“More than half of China’s outbound bandwidth carried by international submarine cables lands in Shantou, and the city is also home to five undersea trunk cables linking destinations worldwide,” said Hong Zhebin, chief technology officer of the international submarine cable landing station operated by the Shantou branch of wireless carrier China Telecom.
“The latency between Shantou and Singapore is only 32.7 milliseconds, quicker than the blink of an eye,” Hong added.
Hong Yu with the Shantou Branch of China Mobile, added that Shantou’s overseas computing services offer stable response speeds, regulatory compliance, and substantial cost advantages.
“Our pricing is only 1/3 to 1/2 that of mainstream international platforms, while customer retention exceeds 70 percent,” Hong told People’s Daily.
Yet building a complete end-to-end system is only the starting point. Shantou is now attempting to transform itself from a transit city for digital infrastructure into an ecosystem hub.
Leading computing companies and developers are gathering rapidly. Pilot platforms have passed acceptance reviews. Commercial closed loops have already emerged in applications ranging from AI toys to intelligent manufacturing, with large-scale operations expected soon.
Shantou’s Chenghai district has long been known as the “toy capital of China.” As AI becomes increasingly integrated with the toy industry, the city has launched an AI toy innovation center and the Shantou AI Laboratory, striving to become the “AI toy capital of China.”
At the exhibition space of one local tech firm sits Amy, an AI desktop robot capable of fluid multilingual conversation.
“It is equipped with a multilingual intelligent voice interaction system capable of real-time recognition and conversation in dozens of languages,” said the company’s general manager Chen Ruifeng.
The technology has already been integrated into multiple AI toy products exported to countries including the United Kingdom, Russia, and Japan.
Shantou’s token export model allows AI toy manufacturers to access domestic large language models at costs far below those of overseas alternatives.
“The cost of using overseas AI models can be dozens of times higher than domestic models,” Chen said. The company’s AI toys currently run on Chinese large models including DeepSeek and Doubao.
“Token exports have significantly increased both product value-added and international competitiveness,” he said.
The Shantou branch of wireless carrier China Unicom, together with a Guangdong-based tech firm, has established dedicated lines connecting Shantou and Vietnam, delivering cross-border computing services to Aachen Sv, a Chinese-invested fiber-optic company operating in Vietnam.
Vietnamese users accessing large models such as DeepSeek and Qwen experience extremely low latency with zero packet loss. “In less than a month, more than a dozen companies have approached us for consultations,” an employee of the Guangdong-based tech firm said.
Meanwhile, the Guangdong branch of China Mobile has launched an OpenClaw intelligent agent framework, providing integrated AI service packages that allow traditional toys to complete intelligent upgrades in as little as 15 days.
From toys to textiles, cross-border e-commerce, and high-end manufacturing, tokens are increasingly becoming the digital fuel powering Shantou’s industrial upgrading.
Foreign
Sanxingdui Museum transforms ancient relics into interactive experiences
By Song Haoxin, People’s Daily
What if museum visitors could truly interact with cultural relics rather than merely observe them through glass displays? At the Sanxingdui Museum in southwest China’s Sichuan province, a specially designed interactive hall is revolutionizing cultural engagement.
Within this 1,300-square-meter space, nearly every exhibit invites touch, operation, or participation. Visitors immerse themselves in installations inspired by the ancient Shu civilization, blending education with entertainment.
By trying on replicas of headwear on bronze statues discovered in Sanxingdui Ruins, for example, visitors can not only take photos of themselves but also learn about the symbolic meanings behind different headpieces.
Guests can don replicas of bronze statue headwear from the Sanxingdui Ruins, learning their symbolic meanings while capturing photos. Augmented reality allows dancing alongside virtual Sanxingdui figures for social media sharing. A creation zone even enables “time travel” to experience ancient bronze-casting and construction techniques.
These innovations transform traditional museum visits, offering deeper cultural understanding through hands-on interaction. “This hall emerged from extensive brainstorming,” explained Zhu Yarong, deputy director of the management committee of the Sanxingdui Ruins site.
“We’re transitioning from passive relic viewing to interactive engagement, bridging the gap between audiences and history.”
Previously, museum experiences were largely one-directional with limited engagement. Visitors viewed relics through display cases, usually stopping mainly to take photographs, with relatively limited forms of engagement. By liberating artifacts from display cases into interactive settings, Sanxingdui is pioneering a shift from didactic presentation to open cultural dialogue.
Traditional exhibition spaces remain popular, while digital innovations attract growing interest. A VR project employs digital twin technology to recreate 1:1 scale excavation sites — complete with protective shelters and cabins — placing visitors at the archaeological forefront.
Another project, Heaven and Earth Echoes — Sanxingdui Panoramic Sound and Vision Digital Art Theater, features an interactive panoramic LED dome with a diameter of 20 meters and a resolution approaching 16K. The massive dome creates a deeply immersive atmosphere. By waving digital torches in their hands, visitors can trigger sacred birds to circle above them across the dome, experiencing the ancient Shu civilization through an interplay of sound and imagery.
“The digital technology made me feel as if I were racing across the Mamu River. That sense of traveling through time was incredible,” said Hao Yong, a tourist from southwest China’s Chongqing municipality who came specifically to experience a virtual reality program.
From passive observation to active participation, Sanxingdui Museum continues introducing new interactive experiences that transform cultural relics into living carriers of dialogue and engagement, helping keep the sparks of Chinese civilization alive for new generations.
Foreign
A living testimony about MKA: The Aondoakaa that I know Written By Brahms Tor-Ikuan
My people of Benue State,
I am not speaking to you today as a politician. I am speaking as a brother whose family was held up by Chief Mike Kaase Aondoakaa, MKA, when we had no one else to hold onto.
My elder brother, Verem Ukaa-Ikuan, was not just my blood. He was a very dear and close friend to Chief MKA. When my brother fell ill and was diagnosed with liver damage caused by poisoning, MKA didn’t treat it as someone else’s problem. He took it on as his own.
He worked closely with Verem during his time as Attorney General of the Federation, and when the sickness came, he moved immediately. Searches were conducted, and Apollo Hospital in India was earmarked for a liver transplant. Every travel arrangement was made personally by Chief MKA.
But we hit a wall. Verem was too weak to fly a long commercial flight. Only an air ambulance could get him to India alive. At that time, there was only one functional air ambulance in the entire country, owned by Julius Berger. It was completely out of reach for even the most high-profile citizens.
Chief MKA went all out. He did not give excuses. He did not delay. He used every connection and every ounce of influence he had to secure that air ambulance for my brother.
On the day it was secured, Barr. Terna Yaji, his Senior Special Assistant, called me a few minutes after 6pm. He told us to prepare Verem for departure and take him to Makurdi airport very early the following morning. I informed him, my brother passed on at exactly 6 o’clock a few minutes ago. I told Barr. Terna Yaji, and I saw a devastated MKA.
During the burial, Chief MKA was out of the country on national assignment. He was pained that he could not be there physically. His entire team, led by the late Onov Tyuulugh, represented him fully. And his message to us at the burial has never left me:
“If death were law, as the Attorney General, a law would have been made no matter what to ensure Verem will just not die but live forever.”
That is who Mike Kaase Aondoakaa is when nobody is watching. He does not abandon his people. He does not forget. He stood with our family then, and he has stood with us till date.
Now he is asking for the chance to govern Benue State.
Benue needs a governor with a heart like that. A governor who fights for you even when there’s no political gain. A governor who sees you as family, not as a vote.
I am standing with Chief Mike Kaase Aondoakaa for Governor of Benue State.
For compassion that moves to action.
For loyalty that does not fade.
For leadership that proves itself in the darkest hour.
Join me. Let us give Benue a leader who has already shown what he will do for us.
God bless Chief Mike Kaase Aondoakaa.
God bless Benue State.
Brahms Tor-Ikuan, a beneficiary of MKA’s benevolence writes from Makurdi
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