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Story behind re-germination of seeds collected on Mount Qomolangma

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By Zhang Fan, Yang Wenming, Li Maoying, People’s Daily

In September 2021, Chinese researchers collected the seeds of Desideria himalayensis at an altitude of 6,212 meters at the East Rongbuk Glacier on Mount Qomolangma, setting a new record for plant seed collection at the highest altitude in China.

In July this year, seeds of five species of plants collected during the seed-collection mission on Mount Qomolangma successfully germinated after being preserved in cold storage at minus 20 degrees Celsius for nearly a year.

The success of the germination experiment means that China has collected and preserved the seeds of a plant found at the highest altitude globally so far and laid a foundation for relevant research into germplasm resources in the future.

On Sept. 24, 2021, Guo Yongjie, Zhao Yanhui, and the other six members of the team tasked with the seed-collection mission climbed Mount Qomolangma for the second time, following their first trip in August.

Prior to that, only 15 species of plants were publicly known to have been collected at a height of over 6,100 meters.

In the area referred to as the “forbidden zone of life”, where it is windy, extremely cold, and lacks oxygen, researchers must be very careful with every step they take on their way up the mountain.

The team set off from the transition camp at an altitude of 5,800 meters, and reached a height of around 6,200 meters several hours later.

“Desideria himalayensis,” Guo cried at the sight of the plant that wears camouflage colors. After recognizing the plant growing in a crevice, Guo immediately laid on his stomach to take pictures of it from all angles and recorded the altitude and other information about the spot where the plant was found.

The plant that grew at an altitude of 6,212 meters was the first plant they found at altitudes above 6,000 meters. What made Guo more excited was that some of the siliques of the Desideria himalayensis had split, which meant the team had a chance to collect the seeds of the plant.

Just after Guo collected the Desideria himalayensis, Mount Qomolangma in the distance revealed itself. Seeing the tiny, fragile branches of the plant sway in the wind in stark contrast to the snow-capped mountains in the distance, Guo thought to himself, Mount Qomolangma is awe-inspiring, but the tenacity of life is by no means inferior to it.
 
The seeds collected from Mount Qomolangma were quickly sent to the institute which launched the seed-collection mission – the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in the Kunming Institute of Botany under the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Kunming, the capital of southwest China’s Yunnan province.

“Information about the seeds, such as the time when they were collected, the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the spots where they were collected, as well as the species, the initial quality and quantity of the seeds, must all be put into the database in a timely manner, so that it can be useful for future research and ecological restoration efforts,” said Qin Shaofa, head of the seed management team at the seed storage center of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species.

According to the standards set by the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, a complete seed sample needs to have at least 2,500 seeds, with around 10,000 seeds being the best case. However, since seeds are scarce at high altitudes of Mount Qomolangma, it is hardly possible to collect 2,500 seeds, so researchers can only try to collect and preserve as many seeds as possible first.

Qin and his team members put the seeds of plants including Desideria himalayensis and Saussurea gnaphalodes in the main drying room after counting and weighing them. After being kept in an environment with a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius and an air humidity of 15 percent for a month, the water content of the seeds were reduced to around 5 percent.

The precious seeds of plants such as Desideria himalayensis and Saussurea gnaphalodes entered a “dormant period” in a low-temperature and dry environment, and were then sealed up and put in cold storage for long-term preservation.

“It’s possible that these seeds will live several decades and even more than a thousand years in an environment with a constant temperature of minus 20 degrees Celsius,” Qin said.

In July this year, the seeds of five species of wild plants collected on Mount Qomolangma, namely Desideria himalayensis, Saussurea gnaphalodes, Pedicularis cheilanthifolia, Oxytropis microphylla, and Hippophae tibetana, were taken out of the cold storage by Yang Juan after being kept there for nearly 10 months.

Yang, a staff member of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in charge of seed germination, put the seeds in a drying room to raise their temperature before carefully placing a part of them on agar medium.

“In order to make sure that the seeds stored in the germplasm bank are alive, we test the viability of each seed sample once in a while,” Yang said, adding that the seeds of the five species of wild plants were tested for the first time 10 months after they were collected on Mount Qomolangma.

Within merely nine days, all the seeds had germinated. In particular, the germination of Desideria himalayensis has proven that China has successfully collected and preserved the seeds of a plant found at the highest altitude globally so far.
 
In addition to the seeds of plants collected on Mount Qomolangma, valuable germplasm resources from more than 10,000 species are preserved in the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species.

Since it was put into operation, 87,863 samples of seeds from 10,917 wild plant species in China have been stored in the germplasm bank, and seed samples from 36 percent of China’s flowering plant species are also kept in the facility.

A seed carries the hope of life from the moment it comes into being. The seeds preserved in the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species have without doubt brought more hope to biodiversity protection.

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ICPC’s War Against Corruption: How Musa Aliyu Is Reclaiming Nigeria’s Stolen Wealth

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Barely a week ago, the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission once again proved that Nigeria’s anti-graft war is far from a toothless bulldog. Chairman Dr Musa Adamu Aliyu, SAN, disclosed to State House correspondents in Abuja that his commission had unearthed yet another fake government agency, this time operating brazenly within the Office of the Secretary to the Government of the Federation. The phantom outfit, calling itself the National Brands Development and Made in Nigeria Special Project Office, had somehow managed to secure office accommodation, gain access to public servants, open bank accounts and even wriggle its way into the 2026 national budget, all without any legitimate presidential authorisation.
The discovery was not accidental. It emerged from the ICPC’s dogged investigation into the earlier scandal involving the fake Presidential Foreign Intervention Promotion Council, an outfit promoted by one Adeniyi Adeyemi Matthew that had similarly infiltrated government structures before Aliyu’s team blew the lid off it. Following his Friday briefing to President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, the President ordered the immediate arrest of George Buchi Nwabueze, identified as the man behind the new fake agency, and directed the suspension of three permanent secretaries in the OSGF: M.S. Danjuma, Nandungu Gagare and Richard Pheelangwah, over the circumstances that allowed the fraudulent office to thrive under their watch. Investigators further found that the outfit had built an elaborate structure complete with an executive director, zonal directors, state coordinators and even foreign representatives, a level of sophistication that speaks to how deeply corruption can burrow into government machinery when vigilance slips.
The ICPC did not stop at exposing the fraud. It went further to indict the Budget Office of the Federation for negligence, establishing that officials had processed and onboarded the phantom council into the 2026 Appropriation Act despite glaring gaps in its documentation, relying instead on informal engagements and unverified scanned approvals rather than due diligence. It was a sobering reminder that corruption does not always announce itself with the theft of physical cash; sometimes it hides in the quiet failures of institutional process, waiting for a vigilant commission to catch what ordinary oversight missed.
This latest exposure is only the newest chapter in what has been a remarkably consistent record for Aliyu since he took the reins as the Commission’s fifth substantive chairman. In his first year alone, he reported cash recoveries of nearly ₦30 billion domiciled in ICPC recovery accounts, alongside almost ₦11 billion recovered as Value Added Tax and remitted to the Federal Inland Revenue Service, and ₦10 billion clawed back from the COVID-19 vaccine fund and returned to the treasury. Forfeited assets in that period alone were valued at ₦2.5 billion plus close to a million dollars in foreign currency.
The momentum has not slackened. By 2024, the Commission had recovered more than ₦20 billion in cash and properties from corrupt individuals. The following year proved even more fruitful: 2025 closed with the ICPC announcing recoveries of ₦37.44 billion and over $2.35 million through asset seizures and forfeitures, one of its most significant annual hauls since the Commission’s founding. That year also saw the agency investigate 263 cases against a target of 250, file 61 cases in court, and secure a conviction rate of 55.74 percent, including the notable jailing of a University of Calabar professor for abuse of office.
Beyond the courtroom victories and cash recoveries, Aliyu has placed heavy emphasis on tracking public infrastructure spending through the Commission’s Constituency and Executive Projects Tracking Initiative. As of the middle of this year, that initiative had tracked over four thousand five hundred public projects worth more than ₦22.5 trillion nationwide between 2023 and June 2026, recovering stalled projects valued at over ₦507 billion and generating an estimated ₦385.6 billion in savings for government coffers. Separately, the Commission has pointed to recoveries exceeding ₦130 billion drawn from public projects worth more than ₦35 trillion, alongside court-ordered forfeitures including properties worth over ₦5 billion tied to the Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria and nearly ₦942 million recovered from a 2024 payroll fraud scheme.
Taken together, the figures tell a story of an anti-corruption agency that, under Aliyu’s watch, has shifted from mere rhetoric to measurable results, running into hundreds of billions of naira reclaimed, saved or redirected back into the Nigerian treasury. Yet the chairman himself has been candid that the fight is far from over. He has repeatedly appealed to the National Assembly for improved funding, warning that inadequate resources continue to hamper the Commission’s manpower, logistics and operational capacity, even as staff morale suffers under the weight of high-risk investigative work. He has also pushed back firmly against suggestions that the Commission is being weaponised for political witch-hunting, insisting that its work is driven strictly by evidence and due process rather than political considerations.
If the recent unmasking of yet another ghost agency within the corridors of government is any indication, Nigerians can expect the ICPC under Musa Aliyu to keep peeling back the layers of institutional rot, one budget line, one phantom office, and one recovered billion at a time.

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Zulum @57: Tribute to a Trailblazing Teacher.

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By: Inuwa Bwala.
I have read a lot of tributes to Borno state Governor, Professor Babagana Umara Zulum on his 57th birthday anniversary.
In most, Nigerians celebrate many things about Professor Babagana Umara Zulum.
To many, his unique leadership style, to others, his developmental strides and yet to others his many ventures into danger zones, the rebuilding of schools, his sleepless nights on duty and many other things.
I want to celebrate something quieter, and maybe more rare: seeing him as the teacher that he is, using
Borno as a big lecture hall, in which he deploys his teaching technique.
I dare say that, Governor Zulum goes to schools unannounced, not for photo shots, but to check attendance, to ask pupils questions, to see if the teacher is teaching. That is a lecturer’s habit.
He commissions hospitals and ask about drug inventory and rosters. That is a supervisor’s habit.
He stands in the rain with displaced families, not to make a speech, but to take notes. That is a researcher’s habit.
Most politicians campaign on promises, but he he is not seeking any position and does not need to campaign. He does things out of passion for true development.
At 57, Zulum reminds me that leadership is not about sitting in the office of power. It’s about sitting on the floor with students, under a tree with farmers, and in the dust with people who have lost everything, and then going back to “prepare the next lesson plan” for Borno redemption.
People often say a leader must choose between the office and the field, the book and the gun, and between the seminar and the street. Governor Zulum seems to have broken that rule by chosing both. And ir is working for Borno.
For me, today, I do not just celebrate a governor turning 57, I celebrate a teacher who took his entire state as his assignment, and refused to submit it half-done.
As the only Governor in Nigeria, who foes not aspire for any other political office after this, he may be retiring into a future only God know about, but one must not fail to state, that, Governor Zulum’s strength lies, not in the paraphenilia of governance but in the dedication of a leader who work, teach to graduate Borno into peace, dignity, and pride.
Happy 57th Birthday, Proffessor Babagana Umara Zulum.

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Stakeholders, Staff Benefit from NDPHC’s Procurement Training Initiative

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The Niger Delta Power Holding Company (NDPHC) has reaffirmed its commitment to transparency, accountability, and efficiency in project delivery by hosting a high-level refresher and sensitization training for its management team, staff, and stakeholders.Organized by the Human Resources Department at the company’s headquarters, the programme was designed to strengthen institutional capacity, refresh knowledge, and promote greater effectiveness in the discharge of responsibilities.The training was anchored on the theme “Operationalizing by Way of Experimenting the Procurement Processes While Navigating the Pre-Bidding Stage Through to Post Bidding”, and facilitated by DEVD Integrated Project Ltd. Discussions focused on procurement processes, emphasizing due process, compliance, and optimization in power sector project execution.Participants were guided through the critical stages of procurement, from pre-bidding to post-bidding, with facilitators stressing the importance of adherence to established procedures. The session also provided a platform for robust engagement on stakeholder collaboration, highlighting how effective partnerships can drive efficiency and accountability in project delivery.The initiative enjoyed strong backing from the NDPHC Executive Management (EXCO), led by Engr. Jennifer Adighije, FNSE, FINEEE, Managing Director/CEO. She was joined by her team: Engr. Bello Babayo Bello, FNSE, FINEEE, Executive Director (Networks); Engr. Abdullahi Kassim, Executive Director (Generation); Hon. Dr. Steven Andzenge, Executive Director (Legal Services); Hon. Chukwuma Umeoji, Executive Director (Corporate Services); Hon. Omololu Agoro, Executive Director (Finance & Accounts); and Hon. Patrick Obahiagbon, Executive Director (Strategy and Commercial). Their collective presence underscored the importance of the training to the company’s strategic vision and operational goals.Facilitators encouraged participants to apply the knowledge gained to improve operational efficiency and foster stronger collaboration across departments and with external stakeholders. They noted that the lessons learned would help strengthen the company’s institutional framework and ensure that projects are delivered in line with global best practices.The event brought together management staff and other relevant stakeholders, creating an opportunity to exchange ideas and refresh their understanding of procurement processes. It also reinforced NDPHC’s commitment to professional development, transparency, and accountability in its operations.By investing in capacity-building programmes such as this, NDPHC continues to demonstrate its resolve to enhance professional standards and institutional effectiveness. The company emphasized that the training reflects its broader vision of building a stronger, more accountable institution capable of delivering sustainable power solutions to Nigeria.The sensitization exercise forms part of NDPHC’s ongoing efforts to ensure that its workforce remains equipped with the skills and knowledge required to meet the demands of the power sector. It underscores the company’s belief that continuous learning and adherence to due process are essential for achieving its corporate objectives and delivering value to stakeholders.

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