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Story behind re-germination of seeds collected on Mount Qomolangma

By Zhang Fan, Yang Wenming, Li Maoying, People’s Daily
In September 2021, Chinese researchers collected the seeds of Desideria himalayensis at an altitude of 6,212 meters at the East Rongbuk Glacier on Mount Qomolangma, setting a new record for plant seed collection at the highest altitude in China.
In July this year, seeds of five species of plants collected during the seed-collection mission on Mount Qomolangma successfully germinated after being preserved in cold storage at minus 20 degrees Celsius for nearly a year.
The success of the germination experiment means that China has collected and preserved the seeds of a plant found at the highest altitude globally so far and laid a foundation for relevant research into germplasm resources in the future.
On Sept. 24, 2021, Guo Yongjie, Zhao Yanhui, and the other six members of the team tasked with the seed-collection mission climbed Mount Qomolangma for the second time, following their first trip in August.
Prior to that, only 15 species of plants were publicly known to have been collected at a height of over 6,100 meters.
In the area referred to as the “forbidden zone of life”, where it is windy, extremely cold, and lacks oxygen, researchers must be very careful with every step they take on their way up the mountain.
The team set off from the transition camp at an altitude of 5,800 meters, and reached a height of around 6,200 meters several hours later.
“Desideria himalayensis,” Guo cried at the sight of the plant that wears camouflage colors. After recognizing the plant growing in a crevice, Guo immediately laid on his stomach to take pictures of it from all angles and recorded the altitude and other information about the spot where the plant was found.
The plant that grew at an altitude of 6,212 meters was the first plant they found at altitudes above 6,000 meters. What made Guo more excited was that some of the siliques of the Desideria himalayensis had split, which meant the team had a chance to collect the seeds of the plant.
Just after Guo collected the Desideria himalayensis, Mount Qomolangma in the distance revealed itself. Seeing the tiny, fragile branches of the plant sway in the wind in stark contrast to the snow-capped mountains in the distance, Guo thought to himself, Mount Qomolangma is awe-inspiring, but the tenacity of life is by no means inferior to it.
The seeds collected from Mount Qomolangma were quickly sent to the institute which launched the seed-collection mission – the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in the Kunming Institute of Botany under the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Kunming, the capital of southwest China’s Yunnan province.
“Information about the seeds, such as the time when they were collected, the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the spots where they were collected, as well as the species, the initial quality and quantity of the seeds, must all be put into the database in a timely manner, so that it can be useful for future research and ecological restoration efforts,” said Qin Shaofa, head of the seed management team at the seed storage center of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species.
According to the standards set by the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, a complete seed sample needs to have at least 2,500 seeds, with around 10,000 seeds being the best case. However, since seeds are scarce at high altitudes of Mount Qomolangma, it is hardly possible to collect 2,500 seeds, so researchers can only try to collect and preserve as many seeds as possible first.
Qin and his team members put the seeds of plants including Desideria himalayensis and Saussurea gnaphalodes in the main drying room after counting and weighing them. After being kept in an environment with a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius and an air humidity of 15 percent for a month, the water content of the seeds were reduced to around 5 percent.
The precious seeds of plants such as Desideria himalayensis and Saussurea gnaphalodes entered a “dormant period” in a low-temperature and dry environment, and were then sealed up and put in cold storage for long-term preservation.
“It’s possible that these seeds will live several decades and even more than a thousand years in an environment with a constant temperature of minus 20 degrees Celsius,” Qin said.
In July this year, the seeds of five species of wild plants collected on Mount Qomolangma, namely Desideria himalayensis, Saussurea gnaphalodes, Pedicularis cheilanthifolia, Oxytropis microphylla, and Hippophae tibetana, were taken out of the cold storage by Yang Juan after being kept there for nearly 10 months.
Yang, a staff member of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in charge of seed germination, put the seeds in a drying room to raise their temperature before carefully placing a part of them on agar medium.
“In order to make sure that the seeds stored in the germplasm bank are alive, we test the viability of each seed sample once in a while,” Yang said, adding that the seeds of the five species of wild plants were tested for the first time 10 months after they were collected on Mount Qomolangma.
Within merely nine days, all the seeds had germinated. In particular, the germination of Desideria himalayensis has proven that China has successfully collected and preserved the seeds of a plant found at the highest altitude globally so far.
In addition to the seeds of plants collected on Mount Qomolangma, valuable germplasm resources from more than 10,000 species are preserved in the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species.
Since it was put into operation, 87,863 samples of seeds from 10,917 wild plant species in China have been stored in the germplasm bank, and seed samples from 36 percent of China’s flowering plant species are also kept in the facility.
A seed carries the hope of life from the moment it comes into being. The seeds preserved in the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species have without doubt brought more hope to biodiversity protection.
News
Dogara Mourns Victims of Air Force Plane Crash, Condole President Tinubu, Military
Former Speaker of the House of Representatives and Chairman of the Board of the National Credit Guarantee Company Limited (NCGC), Rt. Hon. Yakubu Dogara, CFR has expressed deep sorrow over the Nigerian Air Force aircraft crash that claimed the lives of 32 persons near Igbokoda, Ondo State. Dogara described the tragedy as a heartbreaking loss to the nation, noting that the deaths of the victims have left a painful void in the country’s defence and security community.
In a statement, the former Speaker extended his condolences to President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, the Nigerian Air Force, and the families of those who perished in the unfortunate incident.
He said the nation shares in the grief of the bereaved families and the Armed Forces at this time of immense sorrow, adding that the sacrifices of those who lost their lives in service to the country will not be forgotten. “The nation mourns with the families of the deceased and stands in solidarity with the Armed Forces during this difficult period,” Dogara stated.
He also commiserated with the Chief of Air Staff, officers and men of the Nigerian Air Force, praying that God grants them the fortitude to bear the painful loss.
According to him, moments such as this call for national unity, reflection and collective support for the families and institutions affected by the tragedy.
Dogara paid tribute to the victims, describing them as patriotic Nigerians whose commitment and service contributed to the security and stability of the nation. He further applauded the efforts of emergency responders, rescue teams and all personnel involved in the aftermath of the crash, commending their courage and professionalism under difficult circumstances.
The former Speaker prayed God to comfort their families, friends and colleagues.
He also offered prayers for the safety and protection of members of the Armed Forces and for continued peace, unity and progress in Nigeria.
The Nigerian Air Force aircraft crashed near Igbokoda, Ondo State, resulting in the death of 32 persons and plunging the nation into mourning. Authorities are yet to make public the cause of the accident as investigations continue.
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Centre for Credible Reforms Lauds Transparency in Ongoing Insurance Sector Reforms
The Centre for Credible Reforms and Institutional Accountability (CCRIA) has commended the Commissioner for Insurance and Chief Executive Officer of the National Insurance Commission (NAICOM), Mr Olusegun Ayo Omosehin, for promoting transparency and accountability in the ongoing reforms of Nigeria’s insurance industry.
The centre said the implementation of the Nigerian Insurance Industry Reform Act (NIIRA) 2025 had ushered in a new phase of development for the sector, with stronger regulatory standards, improved capitalisation and greater emphasis on protecting policyholders.
Dr Aminu Abubakar Aminu, president of the centre, said this in a statement at the weekend.
Aminu commended President Bola Tinubu and the National Assembly for the enactment of NIIRA, describing the legislation as a major step towards addressing longstanding challenges in the insurance industry.
“The enactment of the Nigerian Insurance Industry Reform Act is a significant milestone in the development of Nigeria’s insurance sector. We commend Mr President and the National Assembly for recognising the need to modernise the legal and regulatory framework governing the industry. NIIRA provides the foundation for an insurance sector that is better capitalised, more accountable, more responsive to policyholders and better equipped to contribute meaningfully to the Nigerian economy,” he said.
The centre also praised Omosehin for his leadership of NAICOM, saying his extensive experience as an insurance professional had positioned him to effectively implement the new regulatory framework.
“We consider the appointment of Mr Olusegun Ayo Omosehin as Commissioner for Insurance and Chief Executive Officer of NAICOM a timely and appropriate decision. He is a seasoned insurance professional with many years of experience in the industry, and his understanding of the sector gives him the practical knowledge required to lead an important reform process of this nature. We commend him for the direction he has provided since assuming office and for his commitment to strengthening the industry,” Aminu said.
According to the centre, the ongoing recapitalisation exercise was among the important steps taken to strengthen the financial capacity of insurance companies and improve their ability to meet obligations to policyholders.
Aminu said the reforms were already producing early gains and should be sustained through consistent implementation.
“The early developments under NIIRA demonstrate that the reform is not merely a legislative exercise but a process capable of producing measurable improvements in the industry. Stronger capital requirements, improved supervision and greater attention to policyholder protection will ultimately create an insurance market that Nigerians can trust. We encourage NAICOM to remain focused on the implementation of the Act and to continue providing clear guidance to operators and other stakeholders,” he said.
The centre noted that the reforms would also help deepen insurance penetration and strengthen the industry’s contribution to national economic development.
It urged insurance companies, brokers, reinsurers, professional bodies and other stakeholders to embrace the new framework and work with NAICOM to achieve the objectives of the legislation.
“The success of NIIRA will require the cooperation of every stakeholder in the insurance ecosystem. Operators must see the reforms as an opportunity to strengthen their institutions, improve their services and regain the confidence of Nigerians. A well-regulated insurance industry can mobilise long-term capital, protect businesses and households against risks and support investment and economic growth. These are benefits that go beyond the insurance industry itself,” Aminu said.
Aminu emphasized that the centre was particularly encouraged by the emphasis on policyholder protection under the new framework, noting that public confidence remained critical to the growth of insurance in Nigeria.
He said Nigerians should be able to purchase insurance products with confidence that operators had the financial capacity and institutional structures required to honour legitimate claims.
The president further urged NAICOM to sustain its engagement with stakeholders while ensuring that the provisions of NIIRA were implemented transparently and consistently.
“What is required at this stage is continuity, professionalism and commitment to the objectives of the law. The reforms must be sustained beyond the initial implementation period so that the gains can become permanent features of the industry. We believe NAICOM, under the leadership of Mr Ayo Omosehin, has an important responsibility to ensure that the momentum is maintained, and we encourage all stakeholders to support the commission in delivering on this mandate,” he said.
The centre said the successful implementation of NIIRA would strengthen confidence in the insurance sector, improve the protection available to policyholders and position the industry to play a greater role in Nigeria’s economic transformation.
It also called for continued collaboration between NAICOM, insurance operators and other stakeholders to ensure that the objectives of the new law were fully achieved.
News
Hon. Amb. Jim Okolo Promotes Nigeria’s Vast Potential at New York Independence Day Celebration
As Nigerians from across the United States gathered in Manhattan to celebrate Nigeria’s Independence Day in grand style, Hon. Amb. Jim Okolo used the occasion to share an inspiring message about Nigeria’s immense possibilities, rich cultural heritage, and promising future.
Speaking with members of the media during the colourful celebration, Hon. Amb. Okolo described Nigeria as one of the most blessed nations in the world, endowed with abundant natural resources, a dynamic population, and a cultural heritage that continues to earn global recognition.
According to him, Nigeria possesses enormous deposits of valuable minerals and other natural resources that, if fully harnessed, can accelerate economic growth and create prosperity for millions of citizens. He noted that the country is strategically positioned to become a leading destination for investment in mining, agriculture, technology, manufacturing, and infrastructure development.
Beyond its natural wealth, Hon. Amb. Okolo emphasized that Nigeria’s greatest strength remains its people. He praised the creativity, resilience, intelligence, and entrepreneurial spirit of Nigerians, pointing out that Nigerian professionals, innovators, academics, and business leaders continue to excel in various sectors across the world.
The respected diplomat also spoke passionately about Nigeria’s unique cultural identity. From the colourful festivals of its diverse ethnic groups to its globally celebrated music, fashion, literature, cuisine, and film industry, he described Nigeria as a nation whose cultural influence extends far beyond its borders.
He noted that Nigeria’s diversity is one of its greatest treasures, bringing together hundreds of ethnic nationalities with distinct traditions and languages that collectively form a vibrant and unified national identity.
While addressing questions on security, Hon. Amb. Okolo maintained that although Nigeria faces certain security challenges, the situation is not always as severe as often portrayed by social media discussions and sections of the international media. He stressed that millions of Nigerians continue to live, work, study, invest, and contribute meaningfully to society every day.
He called on the international community, investors, and members of the diaspora to focus on Nigeria’s strengths, opportunities, and achievements rather than allowing negative narratives to define the country’s image.
“Nigeria remains a land of opportunity, innovation, and hope. It is a nation blessed with extraordinary human capital, abundant resources, a rich cultural heritage, and a people whose determination and resilience continue to inspire the world,” he said.
The celebration was attended by several distinguished personalities, including the United Nations Secretary-General, Hajia Amina Mohammed, the Nigerian Ambassador to the United Nations, diplomats, business leaders, community stakeholders, and prominent members of the Nigerian diaspora.
The event transformed parts of Manhattan into a vibrant showcase of Nigerian pride, featuring cultural exhibitions, traditional performances, business networking sessions, authentic Nigerian cuisine, and displays highlighting the country’s achievements and diversity.
Adding excitement to the festivities were thrilling performances by internationally acclaimed Nigerian music stars Patoranking, Runtown, and BNXN (formerly known as Buju), who entertained thousands of attendees and demonstrated the growing global appeal of Nigerian music.
As the celebration came to a close, the message from Hon. Amb. Jim Okolo resonated strongly among participants: that Nigeria is far more than the challenges often highlighted in headlines. It is a nation blessed with extraordinary talent, vast opportunities, cultural richness, and the potential to achieve even greater success on the global stage.
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