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Nigeria, the Vatican and Persecution Claims: When Diplomacy Meets Doctrine — and Disappointment

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By: Fabian Apechihin

A fresh diplomatic tension is emerging between Abuja and Rome following Pope Leo XIV’s recent decision to list Nigeria among countries where Christians are being persecuted. The statement, coming at a sensitive moment in Nigeria–Vatican relations, raises new questions about diplomacy, neutrality, and the Vatican’s role in interpreting Nigeria’s complex security landscape.

A Growing Relationship — With a Critical Gap

Nigeria, Africa’s most populous nation, is home to millions of Catholics and maintains long-standing ties with the Holy See. In May 2025, President Bola Tinubu visited the Vatican at the Pope’s invitation, a gesture widely seen as strengthening bilateral engagement. Around the same period, Pope Leo appointed Nigerian priest Fr. Edward Daniang Daleng as Vice-Regent of the Papal Household — another sign of deepening connections.

Yet, despite these developments, a crucial diplomatic vacuum remains: Nigeria still has no accredited ambassador to the Vatican. In such a vacuum, the Holy See is left to depend heavily on media narratives, lobbying networks and incomplete briefings rather than structured communication from an official envoy. Without a resident ambassador providing comprehensive, real-time intelligence, misunderstanding becomes far more likely — and far more damaging.

The same issue extends to other major capitals, including Washington, London and Ottawa, where Nigeria’s security and human-rights narratives are shaped daily. Leaving these diplomatic seats vacant hands others the power to define Nigeria’s story.

A Shift in the Vatican’s Tone

Pope Leo XIV’s recent remarks echo narratives promoted by some U.S. political circles, including previous efforts in Washington to designate Nigeria as a “Country of Particular Concern.” Yet, many independent analysts maintain that Nigeria’s violence does not meet the United Nations’ legal threshold for genocide: a deliberate, systematic attempt to exterminate a protected group.

It is notable that the Vatican itself had previously taken a more cautious approach, avoiding framing Nigeria’s conflict as religion-driven genocide. A sudden shift toward a more categorical statement prompts key questions:

  • Has the Vatican been receiving selective, one-sided briefings?
  • Is the absence of a Nigerian ambassador contributing to this skewed perception?

Both possibilities are increasingly difficult to dismiss.

Nigeria’s Violence: Complex, Brutal — But Not Monolithic

No serious observer disputes the severity of Nigeria’s security crisis. From Boko Haram and ISWAP to bandits, IPOB/ESN-linked militants, and criminal gangs, multiple armed actors operate across diverse regions.

The result is a grim reality:
both Christians and Muslims have been killed in large numbers, often within mixed or intermarried communities where faith identities overlap daily life. Nigeria ranks poorly on the Global Peace Index due to internal conflict — not because it is uniquely a “genocide state.”

If a state-backed genocide were underway, global sanctions, diplomatic reactions and legal proceedings would be unmistakably stronger.

The Vatican must not conflate the tragic number of Christian victims with a legally unsustainable claim of “Christian genocide,” especially when empirical evidence shows:

  • attacks frequently occur in mixed-faith communities;
  • many perpetrators and victims are of the same religion;
  • Muslims are also mass casualties in the North;
  • some violence in the South-East is Christian-on-Christian.

Geopolitics Behind the Narrative

Nigeria’s more assertive global posture — exploring dedollarisation for crude sales, enforcing naira-based transactions in certain sectors, and expanding partnerships with China, Russia and Brazil — has not gone unnoticed internationally. In such contexts, pressure on Nigeria often appears wrapped in the language of moral or religious concern.

It is reasonable to ask whether elements of the “Christian persecution” narrative also serve political or strategic ends.

The Vatican’s Moral Duty: Accuracy Before Alarm

Historically, popes such as Benedict XVI and Francis preferred fact-finding, consultation and balanced language before commenting on conflict zones. Vatican diplomacy is meant to be:

  • neutral,
  • evidence-driven,
  • pastoral,
  • and sensitive to complex realities.

By comparison, Pope Leo XIV’s recent statement appears premature and unbalanced, rooted more in the suffering of Christian communities (which is real) than in a comprehensive understanding of Nigeria’s multi-layered insecurity.

Given Nigeria’s unique social fabric — widespread interfaith marriages, shared festivals, and families that host both faiths under one roof — an unnuanced Vatican statement risks:

  • deepening religious suspicion at home,
  • distorting Nigeria’s complex security reality abroad,
  • and emboldening foreign actors eager to weaponise the “genocide” label.

A Way Forward: Facts, Diplomacy and Dialogue

Nigeria must urgently fill key diplomatic postings — especially in the Vatican and major G7 capitals — to ensure its security realities are not defined by external narratives.

The Vatican, for its part, should initiate or support an independent fact-finding mission involving government representatives, Catholic bishops, other Christian leaders, Muslim scholars and neutral conflict experts. Only such a multi-perspective inquiry can justify strong claims of persecution or genocide.

Civil bodies — including the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of Nigeria and reputable civic organisations — should respectfully request that Pope Leo XIV review or clarify his statement in light of:

  • the absence of genocide-level evidence,
  • the shared suffering of Christian and Muslim communities,
  • the role of criminality and insurgency over religious intent,
  • and Nigeria’s deeply interwoven, pluralistic social structure.

Conclusion

Pope Leo XIV’s classification of Nigeria as a country of Christian persecution marks a serious escalation. But Nigeria’s security crisis — defined by insurgency, banditry, separatist violence and organised crime — cannot be reduced to a one-dimensional genocide narrative.

To impose that label is to oversimplify a tragedy, risk diplomatic fallout and compromise the Vatican’s moral neutrality.

For healing to occur — spiritually, diplomatically and socially — the Vatican must stand with both victims and verified facts. And Nigeria must respond with transparency, proactive diplomacy and a restored global presence.

Only then can trust be rebuilt, and real solutions pursued, without turning genuine human suffering into political leverage.


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TAU reaffirms commitment to globally competitive learning

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  • As 16 graduands make First Class

Stephen Olufemi Oni, Ilorin

The Thomas Adewumi University (TAU), Oko-Irese, in the Irepodun local government area of Kwara State, has reaffirmed its commitment to strengthening quality education, innovation, and globally competitive learning.

Speaking at the institution’s 2nd Convocation ceremony in Oko-Irese, the Vice Chancellor of the University, Professor Francisca Onaolapo Oladipo, said TAU is living up to its ranking as the fastest growing institution in Science, Technology, Engineering, Medicine, and Innovation (STEM-i) ecosystem by surpassing more than 100 percent in its number of graduating students at the second convocation.

She said: “TAU emerged on April 8, 2021, as Nigeria’s fastest-growing Science, Technology, Engineering, Medicine and Innovations (STEM-i) ecosystem. Today, we rank 1st among the 20 private universities that were licensed in
2021, 4th among the 14 Universities in Kwara State, 5th among Nigeria’s over 170 private Universities and 50th nationally, an impressive rise reflecting our unwavering commitment to excellence.

”What a Moment of Extraordinary Significance today, we stand at a crossroads far more significant than words can adequately capture. Exactly one year ago, we gathered at this very Auditorium to celebrate our inaugural Convocation, a ceremony that marked the graduation of 26 pioneering students who dared to believe in a vision when others saw only impossibility. Those 26 trailblazers proved that Thomas Adewumi University was not just a dream, but a reality rooted in excellence. Today, as we honour 63 outstanding graduates, we witness something far more profound than numerical growth.

“This 142% increase in our graduating class is not merely a statistic to be recorded in annual reports, it is a declaration that Thomas Adewumi University has transcended the realm of promise and entered the domain of proof.

“We have moved from potential to performance, from aspiration to achievement, from vision to velocity.
This year, 63 graduands from 4 Faculties and 11 academic programmes are being conferred. It is noteworthy that we have 16 First Class graduates, 40 in Second Class Upper Division, and 7 in Second Class Lower Division. These results reflect the quality of training and mentorship provided at Thomas Adewumi University, and we are proud to contribute these innovators to both the Nigerian and global workforce, confident that they will make a meaningful
impact.

”Preparing Globally Competitive Graduates, these 63 graduands are not merely degree holders, they are comprehensively prepared global professionals equipped with exceptional advantages that set them apart from their peers nationwide. Through our international partnerships, these graduates have obtained additional microcredentials from MIT, Harvard, Stanford, Columbia, Berkeley, and Yale, world-class certifications from Alison, UK, RUDN professional University, Russia, World Bank’s Saylor Academy, Google, ICAN, and the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development initiatives in Data Science and Artificial Intelligence.

“Our Coursera collaboration provided them with additional industry certifications, while partnerships with Microsoft, IBM SkillsBuild, and MIT OpenCourseWare through our Global Campus initiative democratize access to cutting-edge knowledge. They are thus fully equipped to embark on meaningful and innovative careers in today’s technology-driven world.”

Earlier in his Convocation Lecture, titled “Crowdfunding Opportunities forstartups: Equiping Nigerian graduates for a sustainable future”, Dr. Bayo Williams Olugbemi charged the graduads on the mindset of job creation, saying “as a graduate, your future is not defined by what Nigeria gives you, but by what you create. The idea of crowdfunding is the idea of hope. It is proof that when people come together, ideas once impossible become achievable.

“I urge you not to think only about searching for jobs. Instead, think about creating value, and if capital is a barrier, remember: “The crowd can be your first investor.”

In his goodwill message, the Executive Secretary of the National University Commission, Professor Abdullahi Ribadu, represented by Esther I. Eyo, Esq commended the resilience of TAU management said “NUC acknowledges TAU sustained progress in advancing quality teaching, impactful research, innovation, and community engagement, all of which align with our national aspiration for a globally competitive and knowledge-driven university system.

“It would interest you to know that, in the accreditation exercise conducted in 2023, Thomas Adewumi University achieved a 100% Full Accreditation status across all programmes assessed a laudable feat that reflects the University’s strong commitment to maintaining high academic standards.”

Also speaking, the Founder/Chancellor of the institution, Dr. (Engr) Johnson Adewumi, urged the graduands to be good ambassadors of the University, adding: “Remember that your degree is not an end but a beginning, go forth with courage, humility, and a sense of responsibility. Strive to illuminate whatever space you occupy with the light of integrity, excellence and service.”

Highlight of the event was the conferment of an honorary doctorate degree on two distinguished personalities; Engr Oluseyi Afolabi and Pastor Oladokun Olatunde.

End

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L-r Speaker, House of Representatives, Tajudeen Abbas; President of the Senate, Godswill Akpabio and Nigeria’s First Lady, Senator Oluremi Tinubu, during the dinner for members of the National Assembly by the First Lady yesterday. Photo: Senate President’s Office.

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JUST IN: Even Tinubu moves with too many police escorts – Senator Ndume

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By Hassan Taiye

Senator Ali Ndume has criticised what he described as the excessive use of security convoys by top government officials, including President Bola Tinubu, warning that the practice leaves ordinary citizens exposed and vulnerable.

Speaking on Politics Today on Channels Television on Thursday, Ndume said many public office holders move with security details that are unnecessarily large, even when their positions do not warrant such heavy protection.

He recalled visiting the residence of a colleague and finding “more than 10 policemen” attached to him, despite the lawmaker being junior to him in the National Assembly.

Ndume further argued that the presidential convoy itself is excessively large, stressing that security efforts should be focused on protecting the overall environment rather than individual personalities.

He said: “I went to one of my colleagues’ house for dinner. And I saw more than 10 policemen. He is even my junior in the National Assembly. Some of them, if you see them coming, you will pull back thinking that maybe it’s the President or the Vice President that is coming.

You can see even the president, the convoy that the president goes about with is too much. Secure the place and when the president goes, you withdraw. Secure Abuja and the president can even drive out, you know, himself.

But when you secure personalities, and this is what is happening in Nigeria, then others, common people, as we call them, become vulnerable, and we don’t care. So if you secure Abuja, then you can drive at night. And let me tell you, this is what is happening in most countries”.

The lawmaker’s comments come just days after President Tinubu ordered the withdrawal of police officers from VIP escort and guard duties.

In a statement, the Special Adviser to the President on Information and Strategy, Bayo Onanuga, said the directive was aimed at redeploying police manpower to core law enforcement responsibilities.

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